The PCA9685 is a 16-channel 12-bit PWM controller module built around the NXP PCA9685 IC that generates up to 16 independent PWM signals over a single I²C connection. By offloading all PWM generation to the dedicated IC, it frees every GPIO pin on the host microcontroller — allowing a single I²C connection to control up … Read more
The ULN2003 stepper motor driver module is a simple unipolar stepper motor driver board built around the ULN2003A Darlington transistor array IC. By amplifying the low-current GPIO signals from a microcontroller into the higher-current drive signals required by unipolar stepper motor coils, it acts as the interface between a microcontroller and a stepper motor without … Read more
The TB6612FNG is a dual-channel DC motor driver module built around the Toshiba TB6612FNG LD MOS H-bridge IC that controls the speed and direction of two DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor simultaneously. By combining two full H-bridges with very low RDSon MOSFET output transistors, a standby power-save mode, and four selectable operating modes … Read more
The TB6600 is a high-current professional-grade microstepping motor driver module built around the Toshiba TB6600HG IC that drives 2-phase and 4-phase bipolar stepper motors using a standard STEP/DIR pulse interface. By combining optocoupler-isolated signal inputs, a wide motor supply voltage range, DIP-switch configurable microstepping and current settings, and a rugged aluminium enclosure, it delivers reliable … Read more
The DRV8825 is a high-performance microstepping motor driver module built around the Texas Instruments DRV8825 IC that controls bipolar stepper motors using just two signals — STEP and DIR — from a microcontroller. By handling all phase sequencing, PWM current regulation, and microstepping waveform generation internally, it drives a stepper motor smoothly and precisely without … Read more
The A4988 is a complete microstepping motor driver module built around the Allegro A4988 DMOS microstepping driver IC with built-in translator. By accepting just two control signals — STEP and DIR — from a microcontroller, it independently handles all the phase sequencing, current regulation, and microstepping waveform generation required to drive a bipolar stepper motor … Read more
The L293D motor driver module is a compact breakout board built around the L293D quad push-pull motor driver IC that controls the speed and direction of two DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor simultaneously. By accepting standard TTL logic level signals from a microcontroller and switching motor power independently through two internal H-bridge circuits, … Read more
The L298N is a high-voltage, high-current dual full-bridge motor driver IC manufactured by STMicroelectronics that controls the speed and direction of two DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor simultaneously. By accepting standard TTL logic level signals from a microcontroller and switching high-current motor power independently, it acts as the bridge between low-power control signals … Read more
The rain sensor module is a two-part resistive detection system that senses the presence and intensity of rainfall by measuring the change in electrical conductivity across a set of interleaved nickel-plated copper traces on an exposed sensing board. As raindrops bridge the traces, resistance drops and the analog output voltage changes proportionally — the wetter … Read more
The LattePanda V1 is a unique single-board computer that blends two worlds on one PCB: a full Windows PC and an Arduino-compatible microcontroller. Unlike typical maker boards that run Linux on ARM processors, LattePanda V1 runs standard Windows on an Intel x86 processor while also including an ATmega32u4 for direct hardware control. This hybrid design … Read more