PinoutHub The ZMPT101B is a single-phase AC voltage sensor module built around a high-precision current-type voltage transformer of the same name. By stepping down the AC mains voltage through galvanic isolation and conditioning the output through an onboard op-amp circuit, it produces a scaled analog voltage centered on a DC offset that can be read directly … Read more
The A3144 is a unipolar Hall effect switch — a monolithic integrated circuit that detects the presence of a magnetic field and outputs a digital LOW signal when the south pole of a magnet is brought within range, returning HIGH when the magnet is removed. It combines a Hall effect sensing element, signal conditioning circuitry, … Read more
The ACS712 is a fully integrated Hall effect based linear current sensor IC that measures both AC and DC current and outputs an analog voltage directly proportional to the sensed current. By routing the current under measurement through a low-resistance internal conductor and sensing the resulting magnetic field with an integrated Hall element, it provides … Read more
The INA219 is a zero-drift bidirectional current and power monitor IC manufactured by Texas Instruments that simultaneously measures shunt voltage, bus voltage, current, and power and reports all four values digitally over I²C. By combining a precision amplifier, a 12-bit ADC, a programmable calibration register, and an internal power multiplier in a single chip, it … Read more
The L3G4200D is an ultra-stable three-axis digital output gyroscope manufactured by STMicroelectronics that measures angular rate — how fast a device is rotating — around the pitch (X), roll (Y), and yaw (Z) axes simultaneously. By combining a MEMS sensing element with a CMOS IC interface on a single chip, it delivers 16-bit digital angular … Read more
The soil moisture sensor is a two-part resistive module that detects the water content of soil by measuring the electrical conductivity between two exposed electrode probes. As soil moisture increases, conductivity rises and resistance between the probes drops, causing the analog output voltage to change proportionally. A separate comparator board converts this continuous analog signal … Read more
The YF-S201 is a compact Hall effect water flow sensor that measures liquid flow rate by detecting the rotation of an internal impeller. As water flows through the valve body, it spins the impeller, which carries a small permanent magnet. Each revolution sweeps the magnet past a sealed Hall effect sensing element, generating a pulse. … Read more
The water level sensor is a low-cost resistive immersion sensor that detects water presence and depth by measuring the change in electrical conductivity across a set of interleaved exposed copper traces. The traces act as a variable resistor — in air, resistance between them is effectively infinite; as water bridges progressively more trace pairs, resistance … Read more
The rain sensor module is a two-part resistive detection system that senses the presence and intensity of rainfall by measuring the change in electrical conductivity across a set of interleaved nickel-plated copper traces on an exposed sensing board. As raindrops bridge the traces, resistance drops and the analog output voltage changes proportionally — the wetter … Read more
The ML8511 is a single-chip UV sensor designed for acquiring UV intensity both indoors and outdoors. The IC integrates a photodiode sensitive to UVA and UVB wavelengths, an internal operational amplifier that converts the photodiode’s photocurrent into a proportional output voltage, and an internal reference voltage circuit — all inside a compact 12-pin ceramic QFN … Read more