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The YF-S201 is a compact Hall effect water flow sensor that measures liquid flow rate by detecting the rotation of an internal impeller. As water flows through the valve body, it spins the impeller, which carries a small permanent magnet. Each revolution sweeps the magnet past a sealed Hall effect sensing element, generating a pulse. … Read more

The water level sensor is a low-cost resistive immersion sensor that detects water presence and depth by measuring the change in electrical conductivity across a set of interleaved exposed copper traces. The traces act as a variable resistor — in air, resistance between them is effectively infinite; as water bridges progressively more trace pairs, resistance … Read more

The ML8511 is a single-chip UV sensor designed for acquiring UV intensity both indoors and outdoors. The IC integrates a photodiode sensitive to UVA and UVB wavelengths, an internal operational amplifier that converts the photodiode’s photocurrent into a proportional output voltage, and an internal reference voltage circuit — all inside a compact 12-pin ceramic QFN … Read more

The VEML6070 is a single-chip UVA light sensor designed using a CMOS process. It incorporates a UV-sensitive photodiode, internal amplifier stages, a low-pass filter, a temperature sensor for compensation, an oscillator, a timing controller, and an I²C output buffer — all inside a compact 6-pin OPLGA package measuring 2.35 × 1.8 × 1mm. Unlike some … Read more

The TCS34725 is a color light-to-digital converter manufactured by ams (formerly TAOS — Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions). It contains four photodiode channels — red, green, blue, and clear — each with its own dedicated 16-bit integrating ADC that converts the detected light intensity directly into a digital value. The clear channel measures total unfiltered light … Read more

The TCS3200 is a programmable color light-to-frequency converter that detects the color of an object by measuring the intensity of red, green, and blue light reflected from its surface. By selecting different onboard photodiode filters and reading the resulting output frequency, it can identify a nearly limitless range of visible colors and deliver the result … Read more

The JSN-SR04T is a waterproof ultrasonic distance measurement module that detects the range to an object by timing how long it takes an ultrasonic pulse to travel out, reflect off a surface, and return. Unlike standard ultrasonic modules, its sensing transducer is sealed and mounted on a cable separate from the control board, allowing the … Read more

The AM312 is an ultra-miniature passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor module that detects movement by sensing changes in infrared radiation emitted by warm bodies passing within its field of view. Unlike larger PIR modules, the AM312 packs all its sensing and processing electronics directly into the sensor housing itself, producing a simple digital output with … Read more

The HC-SR04 is a low-cost ultrasonic distance sensor module that measures distance to an object by emitting a burst of ultrasonic sound waves and timing how long it takes for the echo to return. By using the known speed of sound, the time delay between transmission and reception is converted into an accurate non-contact distance … Read more